Isaiah 48:4
King James Version
8 Jun 2026
“Because I knew that thou art obstinate, and thy neck is an iron sinew, and thy brow brass;”
בַּרְזֶל
Iron. Barzel. Iron sharpens iron. Difficult relationships and challenging conversations make us sharper. God uses friction to refine us.
עֹרֶף
neck/ your
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עֹרֶף
the nape or back of the neck (as declining); hence, the back generally (whether literal or figurative)
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קָשֶׁה
were stubborn
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קָשֶׁה
severe (in various applications)
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נְחוּשָׁה
was bronze
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נְחוּשָׁה
copper
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